Akuma (Street Fighter)

Akuma (悪魔, Japanese for "Devil", "Demon"), known in Japan as , is a fictional character and secondary antagonist of the ''Street Fighter'' series of fighting games by Capcom. Akuma made his debut in ''Super Street Fighter II Turbo'' as a secret character and boss. In the storyline of the ''Street Fighter'' video games, he is the younger brother of Gouken, Ryu's and Ken's master. In some games, he also has an alternate version named Shin Akuma or in Japanese and Oni Akuma in Super Street Fighter IV: Arcade Edition. Since his debut, Akuma has appeared in several subsequent titles and has been well-received by both fans and critics.

Creation

Akuma was created by request of Noritaka Funamizu to Akira Yasuda when creating a new ''Street Fighter'' character. Akuma was designed in order to please fans who were victims of April's Fools in the claims from journalists that there was a hidden character named Sheng Long. Funamizu wanted the character, Akuma, to be based on Ryu's design. While still being an evil character, Yasuda still wanted to create a major contrast between the regular boss, M. Bison and Akuma.

Akuma has dark red hair, dark skin tone, glowing red eyes with black sclera, wears prayer beads around his neck, a dark gray karate gi and a piece of twine around his waist in lieu of an obi. The kanji "ten" (天) — meaning "Heaven" — can be seen on his back when it appears during certain win animations. Shin Akuma's appearance is very similar to Akuma's; for example, in the ''Street Fighter Alpha'' series, Shin Akuma had a purple karate gi instead of a dark gray one and marginally darker skin tone. Akuma's introduction in ''Super Street Fighter II Turbo'' stemmed from the development team's desire to introduce a "mysterious and really powerful" character, with his status as a hidden character within the game resulting from later discussions. When asked regarding the presence of Akuma as a secret character in several of Capcom's fighting games, Capcom's Noritaka Funamizu stated that, while he did not personally support the concept, he said, "Akuma is a character that can fit in any game design nicely". Matt Edwards of Capcom Europe considered Akuma the most powerful ''Street Fighter'' character.

Rich Knight of ''Complex'' described Akuma as "a character who must constantly be on the offense, because he takes a shit ton of damage when he's not."

Akuma's appearance remained consistent until ''Street Fighter V'' where his hair reaches far longer and has grown around his face, like a lion's mane. Takayuki Nakayama explained that the staff considered multiple designs that were scrapped such as a shirtless look, multiple scars within the body, one with a broken shirt and one where he carried a baby.

Appearances

''Street Fighter'' game series

Akuma made his debut in ''Super Street Fighter II Turbo'', the fifth arcade iteration of the ''Street Fighter II'' games, where he appears as a hidden and unnamed character. After meeting certain requirements, Akuma appears prior to the player's final match with M. Bison and obliterates M. Bison before challenging the player. In the Japanese arcade version of the game, Akuma would introduce himself to the player before the match, proclaiming himself to be the . He also has two endings in the game as well: one for defeating M. Bison and another against himself. While the dialogue in these endings was omitted from the international releases of the arcade game, they were edited into one ending and included in the English localization of '' Super Turbo Revival'' for the Game Boy Advance. Shin Akuma is, however, an unlockable playable character in the Game Boy Advance version of the game, ''Super Street Fighter II Turbo Revival'', as well as the Japan-only Dreamcast version of the game, '' Super Street Fighter II X for Matching Service''. In the latter version, another version of Akuma referred to as ''Tien Gouki'' can also be selected.

Akuma appears in '' Street Fighter Alpha: Warriors' Dreams'', where he was given his name, once again as a hidden opponent and unlockable character. His backstory remains the same as in ''Super Turbo''. Akuma was added to the immediate roster in '' Street Fighter Alpha 2'' and ''Street Fighter Alpha 3'', with a powered-up version of the character named "Shin Akuma" appearing as a hidden opponent. The character's relation with other ''Street Fighter'' characters begins to be fleshed out, establishing rivalries with Guy, Adon, Gen and Ryu. Shin Akuma, rather than "Final Bison", is Evil Ryu's final boss in the console versions of ''Street Fighter Alpha 3''.

Akuma and Shin Akuma are featured in '' Street Fighter EX'' as hidden boss characters, where he is one of the few characters able to move out of the 2D playing field, during his teleport. Akuma also appears in the arcade and home video game console adaption of '' Street Fighter: The Movie'' despite not appearing in the movie.

Akuma is featured in the ''Street Fighter III'' sub-series beginning with '' Street Fighter III 2nd Impact: Giant Attack''. Like in his debut in ''Super Turbo'', Akuma is both a secret opponent who serves as an alternate final boss and an unlockable character, with the CPU-controlled version being the "Shin Akuma" incarnation introduced in ''Alpha 2''. He is a regular character in '' Street Fighter III 3rd Strike: Fight for the Future''. Akuma reappears in '' Street Fighter IV'', being one of the main antagonists and once again a secret boss in the Arcade Mode as well as an unlockable character in both
console versions. A new form of Akuma, known as , was confirmed in '' Super Street Fighter IV: Arcade Edition'' by leaked videos. Unlike Shin Akuma, Oni is the being that would consume Akuma after transcending all of his humanity and mastering the Satsui no Hado. Akuma returns in ''Street Fighter V'' as a downloadable character.

Other video games

Akuma has appeared in some form or another through many Capcom games outside the ''Street Fighter'' franchise. The first of these appearances was in the fighting game '' X-Men: Children of the Atom'', where Akuma (in his ''Super Turbo'' incarnation) appears as a nameless hidden character. He would appear in the later Marvel-licensed fighting games (see '' Marvel vs. Capcom'' series). In ''X-Men vs. Street Fighter'', he is a regular character but–in a nod to his hidden character status in other games–his select box is hidden. In ''Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter'', he appears both as a selectable character and as "Cyber Akuma" ("Mech Gouki" in Japan), a mechanized version enhanced by Apocalypse acting as the horseman of Death and the final boss. He is absent from '' Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes''; in his stead, Ryu has a Hyper Combo that changes his fighting style to incorporate Akuma's moveset. He reappears as a playable character in the sequels: '' Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes'', '' Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds'' and '' Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3''.

In the ''SNK vs. Capcom'' series, Akuma appears in '' SNK vs. Capcom: The Match of the Millennium'' as an unlockable character and in '' Capcom vs. SNK: Millennium Fight 2000'' as a Ratio 4 character. He also appears in '' Capcom vs. SNK 2'' and '' SNK vs. Capcom: SVC Chaos'' as both regular Akuma and Shin Akuma. In '' Capcom vs. SNK 2'', a different form of Shin Akuma appears. This form of Akuma achieves a new level of power when a dying Rugal Bernstein pours his Orochi power into him. His name is spelled in Japanese as , with the "Shin" character meaning "God" instead of the usual "True". Also, various version of Akuma have appeared in the '' SNK vs. Capcom: Card Fighters Clash'' series.

Akuma appears as a special guest character in ''Tekken 7''. In the game's story, he seeks to repay a debt to Kazumi Mishima for saving his life from an unknown critical situation, who asks him to kill her husband Heihachi and his son Kazuya for her if she dies. When Heihachi is finally dead for good at the hands of Kazuya, he is Akuma's only target left. Similar to his appearances in the ''Street Fighter'' series, Akuma replaces Kazumi as a secret arcade mode final boss if certain conditions are met. Akuma was originally planned to be the only guest character for ''Tekken 7'', due to Katsuhiro Harada and Michael Murray saying they both don't really like the guest characters because it throws off the ''Tekken'' world and setting. However, Murray also explained that Akuma was a great fit and that there is a chance for more guests in the future. ''Tekken 7'' started getting three more guest characters: Geese Howard from SNK's ''Fatal Fury'' fighting game series in November 2017, Noctis Lucis Caelum from ''Final Fantasy XV'' in March 2018, and Negan Smith from '' The Walking Dead'' in February 2019. Akuma also appears as an unlockable guest character on ''Tekken Mobile''.

He also appears in ''Namco × Capcom''. He appears as both a playable character and one of the final boss characters in the crossover fighting game ''Street Fighter X Tekken''. Akuma also appears in the fighting video game '' Street Fighter X Mega Man'', as a hidden boss. Akuma also appears in ''Super Puzzle Fighter II Turbo'' as the final boss, '' Super Gem Fighter Mini Mix'' (known as '' Pocket Fighter'' in Japan) as an unlockable character, and in the Japanese console version of '' Cyberbots: Full Metal Madness'' as a mecha named "Zero Gouki". He is featured in a DLC episode of the action video game '' Asura's Wrath'', alongside Ryu as an opponent. In '' Super Smash Bros. Ultimate'', Akuma appears as a "spirit"; a type of collectible item that can be used to enhance the abilities of playable characters. Akuma also appears in Capcom's collaboration in '' Monster Hunter Rise''. Akuma also appears as a "crossover" character in ''Brawlhalla'' with mirrored abilities of Val.

Other media

Akuma made cameo appearances in '' Street Fighter II: The Animated Movie'' and in the Japanese TV series ''Street Fighter II V''. Actor and martial artist Joey Ansah played Akuma in the short film '' Street Fighter: Legacy''. Akuma also appears in '' Street Fighter: Assassin's Fist'', an online series by Capcom and the creators of ''Street Fighter: Legacy'' with Ansah reprised his role from ''Legacy'' and Gaku Space as Young Gouki. In ''Assassin's Fist'', both of Akuma's names are used; Akuma being the moniker Gouki had assumed after the Satsui no Hado took him over completely. Both Ansah and Space will return for the second season titled ''Street Fighter: World Warrior''.

Akuma's first speaking appearance in animation was in an episode of the American ''Street Fighter'' animated series titled "Strange Bedfellows". He reappears in another episode, "The World's Greatest Warrior", in which he defeats Ryu and Ken's master Gouken and challenges Gouken's two students to a duel.

Akuma also figures in the Japanese OVA '' Street Fighter Alpha: The Animation'', where Ryu's encounters with Akuma triggers the "Dark Hadou" in Ryu. Akuma is also the central focus in the OVA '' Street Fighter Alpha: Generations'', which explores his past and ties the character's past with Ryu's. He appears in the beginning of the movie '' Street Fighter 4: The Ties That Bind'', where he enters Ryu's mind and torments him.

UDON Entertainment's line of ''Street Fighter'' comics sets Akuma in his origin story on how he became a demon and murdering Goutetsu with the power of the Dark Hadou; he fights against Gouken ten years later, as they fight, Gouken eventually wins against Akuma as he falls off a cliff; Gouken tries to save him, but Akuma willingly drops himself into a river, only for him to survive the drop.

In 2012, band MegaDriver released a song about Akuma's character, called "Wrath of the Raging Demon". In 2014, band Skelator released a song about Akuma, called "Raging Demon". In 2015, rapper Tauz released a tribute song to Akuma, called "Rap do Akuma". In 2021, band RAVENOUS E.H. released a song about Akuma, called "Die 1,000 Deaths".

Reception

Akuma has received much critical acclaim from various gaming media outlets. Japanese magazine ''Gamest'' named him one of their "Top 50 Characters of 1996", in a three-way tie for 37th. He placed first in ''Game Informer's'' 2009 list of their "Top Ten Best Fighting Game Characters". Ryan Clements of IGN said in 2009: "Although M. Bison might be thought of as a notorious ''Street Fighter'' villain, Akuma is clearly the fan-favorite 'bad guy'". Elton Jones of ''Complex'' deemed Akuma the "most dominant fighting game character" in 2012: "Anybody that can lay out M. Bison with ease gets the number-one spot in everything." ''GamesRadar'' said of the character in 2013: "He differs from other villains in that his motives aren't inherently evil—but ... he has no qualms with killing his teacher or his own brother in combat." Alex Eckman-Lawn of '' Topless Robot'' deemed him the "most diabolical" fighting-game boss: "Few experiences from the pre-Internet video-game era made as striking an impression as the time Akuma literally just glided in, murdered M. Bison in a blink, and challenged you, the player, to a real fight." Bryan Dawson of Prima Games commented, "It's hard to imagine any new ''Street Fighter'' game without this man, as he adds a sense of evil that even M. Bison can't replicate."

Robert Workman of ''GameDaily'' rated Akuma eleventh in his 2008 selection of the "Top 25 Capcom Characters of All Time", as he "summons some of the sickest attacks ever seen in a fighting game." ''GameSpot'' readers chose Akuma for the ninth spot in their 2008 selection of the ten best video game villains and the site itself deemed Akuma "the toughest fighter" in the ''Street Fighter'' series. Rich Knight of ''Complex'', in 2012, placed Akuma's ''SSFII Turbo'' appearance runner-up to Shao Kahn in ''Mortal Kombat II'' as the "coolest boss battle ever": "Akuma rushed into our lives and onto the screen ... and then demolish dyou in seconds." Akuma placed 43rd in IGN's selection of the top 100 video game villains, for his "always intimidating" appearance. Ben Lee of ''Digital Spy'' named him the sixth-best series character on the grounds that he was "truly exciting to fight against" in ''Super Street Fighter II Turbo'', "and his cold, emotionless personality was utterly terrifying." '' Paste'' rated Akuma 23rd in their 2016 ranking of ''Street Fighter's'' 97 total playable characters, describing him as "a great anti-hero to offset Ryu and Ken."

Chad Hunter of ''Complex'' ranked Akuma's "Raging Demon" among the "25 Most Revolutionary Kill Moves in Video Games" at third: "Akuma radiates flames, grabs his opponent and the screen goes black and all you earis a flurry of hits." Prima Games named it the seventh-"greatest fighting move in video game history" out of fifty in 2014, and ''Arcade Sushi's'' Angelo Dargenio considered it "one of the most well-known super moves in videogame history, spawning several parody moves in multiple fighting games over the years." WhatCulture has named the Raging Demon as the "Most Iconic Street Fighter Special/Super Move", stating "While the Hadouken attack is undoubtedly the most recognisable Street Fighter special move, nothing can beat the satisfaction of utterly destroying your opponent by landing the Raging Demon." Gavin Jasper of ''Den of Geek'', in 2016, named Akuma in '' X-Men: Children of the Atom'' as the top fighting-game guest character. While Jason Fanelli of ''Arcade Sushi'' considered it "the best guest turn he's ever done," he simultaneously criticized his cameo in '' Cyberbots: Full Metal Madness'': "Akuma doesn't need to be a giant mech for extra exposure." Chris Hoadley of VentureBeat labeled Akuma one of the "best fighting game clones" in 2014: "Capcom is no stranger to reusing haractermodels. Ryu has had Ken as a rival since the first ''Street Fighter'', and over time he would meet more 'shotos' who had an affinity for karate ''gis'', fireballs, and uppercuts." ''GamesRadar's'' David Houghton rated Akuma's ''Street Fighter 3: 3rd Strike'' stage among the "27 most amazing fighting game backgrounds": "Gloomily ethereal, black-skied woodland setting with subliminally oppressive fisheye-lens effect? You are definitely going to die."

However, Akuma has often been criticized for his perceived status as an excessively powerful character in the ''Street Fighter'' series. Scott Baird of ''Screen Rant'' named him the second-"most unfairly overpowered fighting game character" behind Meta Knight of '' Super Smash Bros.'' in 2016, for the potency of his offensive attacks that resulted in Akuma being banned from ''SSFII Turbo'' tournaments. ''GamePro'' considered Akuma one of the "Most Broken Characters in Videogame History", for his "ridiculously powerful" moves that were "the bane of newbies and veterans alike," a sentiment that was echoed by Christopher Hooton of '' Metro'' in 2013. In 2014, Lucas Sullivan of ''GamesRadar'' ranked Akuma eleventh in his list of "12 unfair fighting game bosses that (almost) made us rage quit" in 2014. "Even if you ever do manage to finally defeat Akuma, it somehow doesn't feel earned. It's more like the computer felt sorry for you." Additionally, Akuma was named by CBR as the "Strongest Street Fighter Character", with comments "In 1996's ''Street Fighter Alpha 2'', Akuma evolved into a more powerful form, Shin Akuma, and he evolved into the even more powerful Oni in 2010's ''Super Street Fighter IV''. Since he's able to split mountains in that form, that version of Akuma stands as the most powerful being the Street Fighter universe."

Akuma's Oni incarnation has received a mixed reception. Both characters shared the top spot in ''Screen Rant's'' rating of the "12 Most Powerful ''Street Fighter'' Characters" the same year. "Akuma alone has destroyed an entire island, so whoever has to stand against the unbridled destructive force of Oni, all we can say is God help them." In another ''Screen Rant's'' list "Street Fighter: 8 Most Powerful (And 8 Most Worthless) Characters", Akuma placed first. "Whether he is Oni, Akuma, or something in-between (Shin Akuma, for instance), the dark master easily proves that he is at the top of the SF heap in terms of both in-universe power and effectiveness among players who have mastered using him." However, Imran Khan of ''Paste'' rated Oni as one of the "all-time worst" series characters: "Oni strips away the few bits of Akuma that are actually interesting as a character and turns him into a castaway from a ''Dragon Ball Z'' movie in design and development." Randolph Ramsay of ''GameSpot'' considered Oni "one of the least interesting additions" to ''Super Street Fighter IV'', as he utilized moves similar to those of other characters.

Notes

References

Further reading

''Street Fighter:'' The Violent History of Akuma
(2016)—''Den of Geek''
A Brief History of Akuma: A ''Street Fighter'' Icon Turns 20
(2014)—''Complex''

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